Clemente Maia S. Fernandes and Mônica da Costa Serra
Sao Paulo State University, Brazil
Title: The 3d digital forensic facial reconstruction must be performed by a single software? Proposal for a protocol that starts by the forensic anthropological examination to the craniofacial superimposition techniques, based on evidence.
Biography
Biography: Clemente Maia S. Fernandes and Mônica da Costa Serra
Abstract
The 3D Digital Forensic Facial Reconstruction (3D DFFR) is currently performed by different authors, using various techniques and different software. Each software has its own tools, characteristics, properties, advantages, disadvantages and costs. The authors present a proposal for a protocol to perform 3D DFFR that starts by the forensic anthropological examination to the craniofacial superimposition techniques, based on evidence. It starts with the establishment of the biological profile (sex, ancestry and age at death), after the due forensic anthropological examination. Then, three software are employed: 3ds Max® (Autodesk), ZBrush (Pixologic) and Adobe Photoshop (Adobe). It is a new application for these software, that are usually employed for other purposes. The American Method is performed, with the positioning of craniometric landmarks, according to a specific table of soft tissue thickness. The authors developed a generic head, by means the 3ds Max software, that can be adapted over the skull 3D image, with the mentioned landmarks. The basic features are performed using one software, the retopology is conducted in the other one, and postproduction is performed with the employment of the third one. Once the 3D DFFR is completed and there is a suspect, superimposition techniques can be used to verify the match between the individual image and the Facial Reconstruction.